Group Work Reflection Example

Group Work Reflection Example In today’s work culture and dynamic environment educational institutions and organizations require students and employees to work together in groups at certain tolerant and coordinative levels, thus proving â€Å"experience of working in group or teams† (Blease, 2006 cited Kelly, and P.2007). The students are asked to work in groups as it allows students to learn interactively. Moreover the researchers report that, regardless of the subject matter; students working in small groups tend to learn more of what is taught and retain it longer than when the same content is presented in other instructional formats (Barbara Gross Davis, Tools for teaching). There are number of possible reasons why students are asked to work in small groups. Some of them are as follows: Generating a broad array of possible alternative points of view or solution to a problem Giving students a chance to work on a project that is too large or complex for an individual Allowing students with different background to bring their special knowledge, experience , or skills to a project , and to explain their orientation to others Giving students a chance to teach others Giving students a structured experience so they can practice kills applicable to professional situations There are numbers of benefits for students working in groups for short period of time or large projects such as: Students who have difficulty talking in class may speak in a small group. More students, overall, have a chance to participate in class. Talking in groups can help overcome the anonymity and passivity of a large class or a class meeting in a properly designed room. Students who expect to participate actively prepare for class. Students get prepared for their professional future. Our group was formed to complete an assignment on a case study â€Å"Merged School Business†. The assignment was to critically analyse the case study and to find out the problems in the merger and then provide recommendations on strategies and practices to management. The purpose of this report is to reflect my experience on our group assignment. In this report I will discuss my experience in relation to formation of our group, organization of work and how did we manage our group work. Group Formation This is the initial stage. This is the time when the group members and the tasks of the group will be decided. Students can form their own groups or either they can be assigned. Our case falls in first category teacher gave us some time to form our group so we selected our group members and formed a group of five. We were familiar to each other faces as we all were class mates; but at that time everyone introduce himself/herself to others. We decided to select a leader to make communication smooth and clear, than we took contact numbers from each other. We also discuss a bit about our group assignment that what needs to be done. Everyone shared their ideas on the project. Organization of Work The first challenge faced after group formation was how to organise the work to complete the task on time. At first stage we divided the task in to smaller pieces and assign these parts to each team member. Developing a time line is the best way to complete the task on time, so we decided for each task when it should be completed. Now all team members know who will do what, in what format and by when. We made our Gantt chart like this: *Denotes task for meeting Understanding and Managing Group Processes In order to perform effectively in a group it is important to understand and manage group processes properly. Some suggestions in this regard are as under: Group work best if everyone has a chance to make strong contributions to the group project and to the discussion at meetings. At the beginning of each meeting, decide what you except to have accomplished by the end of meeting. Select someone from group to write ideas to record all meetings and group’s decisions. Allocate responsibility for group process; in order to do that a group leader can be selected. Save some time towards the end of the first meeting and periodically as the group continues; to check in with each other on how the process is working. By following the mentioned group process we proceeded with our group assignment as follows: Including Everyone and Their Ideas: We gave a chance to everyone to contribute their ideas about assignment. Our goal was to produce as many ideas as possible. We listened all the ideas carefully and then we mentioned all the ideas sheet so we don’t forget them or they don’t get lost. By using this approach we improved our group work a lot and did some creative modifications as well. Group Leadership Group leadership helps to work group more effectively, so we chosen a group leader. The group leadership helped us in number of ways such as: Group leader was responsible to monitor that the work is organized to get it done. He was also responsible for understanding and managing group interactions to keep the positive atmosphere. The leader also encouraged every one’s contributions with an eye to accomplish the work. In order to do this, he observed our group work process to check is the group moving quickly, leaving some people behind? Is it time to shift focus to another aspects of the task? He also encouraged group interactions and maintained a positive atmosphere. He also anticipated what information, material or other resources the group needs as it works. He was also responsible for beginning and ending on time. So he planed work accordingly. Focusing on Direction After we gathered a large numbers of ideas we categorize and examine them. Then we choose some ideas among all of them. Then we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. We also ask group members to vote for ideas that helped us to eliminate some of them. Moreover based on this voting we rank the ideas in priority order and then finalized them. Making a Decision After everyone’s views are heard and all the points of agreement and disagreement are identified, the group tried to arrive at an agreement that makes sense to everyone. Decisions are an important for group. So we were quiet careful in deciding. Our group made all the decisions based on all members’s input. Problems Here are some problems which we encountered during our group project: Floundering: While we were figuring out the work and were trying to decide everyone’s role in the group, the group work got a bit delayed and some work got postponed. Dominating or Reluctant Participants: Some of the group members were taking more share of the discussion by talking too often by telling lengthy stories and by not letting others finish. While others were speaking rarely as they were having difficulty to get in the conversation. Digressions and Tangents: As some group members were telling many interesting side stories it was acting as an obstacle in group progress and we were lagging behind out timeline. Getting Stuck: After giving the case background and highlighting some issues we got stuck at solutions or possible strategic solutions. This problem was moving our group progress down than expected. Recommendations/Solutions In order to improve the group project and get better results we can give some recommendations to mentioned problems such as: To avoid delays in work at initial level some sentences can really help such as: Here’s my understanding of what we are trying to accomplish. Do you all agree? What would help us move forward: data? Resource? Let’s take a few minutes to hear everyone’s suggestions about how this process might work better and what we should do next. In order to discourage dominating people humour can be used. For the people who do not speak non verbal actions such as looking at them can be used to include them in discussion. Moreover asking quiet participant about their thoughts outside the group may lead their participation within group. In order to stick with main theme of discussion, try to summarize where discussion was before digression. When a group feels that it is not making a progress they should look on the things which are preventing them from progression. Conclusion At the end of the project, what matters the most is what we have learned from our group work experiences. During the tenure of working together, situations cropped up and tested us on the scales of making the decisions and handling the pressures and exceptions. As per Belbin (1993), Team performance is influenced by the kinds of people making up a group, and testing indicates that certain combinations of personality-types perform more successfully than others but the key to its implementation is how the team analyzes its performance and then adapts the situation so as the result can be achieved. Team work was definitely one of the most important aspects of our project. We would have been unable to accomplish anything if we had not worked together. Even though the design process was broken up into individual pieces, we often consulted with one another when we ran into difficulties with our work. Team work was definitely one of the most important aspects of this project. We would have been unable to accomplish anything if we had not worked together. Even though the design process was broken up into individual pieces, we often consulted with one another when we ran into difficulties with our work. As a result we managed to achieve a strong out come thus enhancing our knowledge, competencies and empowering group as a whole. References Ellen Sarkisian, Derek Bok Center., 2007. â€Å"Working in Groups† Derek Bok Center for teaching and Learning,Harvard University J. Sketchley, A. Mejia, I. Aitken et al., Work Improvement in Health Services. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1986 Moon J.(2004), A Handbook of Reflective and Experiential Learning, London, Routledge Falmer Experience of working in groups or teams, Human Resource management,UkEssay.com

Ramrod Case Questions and Answers Essay

1.What kinds of products and technologies does Benson Metals use? How have these been changing recently? Benson Metals, a medium-sized maker of specialty steel products, has traditionally used a craftsliketechnology to produce a variety of metals. In terms of Perrow’s model of technology, task variety andtask analyzability are low, as there is still guesswork, skill, and even some â€Å"black magic† inmanufacturing products. Benson also produces metals in very small quantities—pounds not tons—so thatin terms of Woodward’s model it is small batch, and the skills and knowledge of production people aremore important than machines in getting the job done—task complexity is low. Recently, the company has moved into making sophisticated and technically difficult steels for theaerospace industry. Not only are they difficult to produce, these steels require more research skills,metallurgical analysis, and delicate handling in all stages of production. They are produced to verystringent specifications. In terms of Perrow’s model, task variety has increased and task analyzability hasfallen—production is more nonroutine and research oriented and depends more on the skills, experience,knowledge, and judgment of production personnel. Companies cannot imitate these skills, so they form acompetitive advantage. The environment surrounding the company has changed to more uncertainty because a new range of products is manufactured. Both technology and environment have changed,affecting the contingencies facing the company, and increasing potential risks and returns. 2.What problems is Benson Metals encountering as it changes products and technologies? An increased level of conflict between sales and production poses a problem. Production is responding tothe new pressures facing the organization, yet it is continually fighting with sales. Sales wants a rapidresponse to unexpected customer requests or tries to discover production’s plans or when the finished product will be ready.Morale is falling as the effects of these conflicts spread. Managers in different functions are taking sides,usually siding with sales against Ramrod and production. Communication and decision-making haveslowed as a result of uncooperative attitudes. Integration between functions is falling. This is dangerousfor nonroutine  technology that requires a high level of differentiation and integration to be effective. 3.What is causing these problems in Benson Metals? The sources of the conflict can be isolated. Keep the discussion focused on the people, principallyRamrod, and examine what he is doing wrong; this approach makes the later analysis of power moredramatic.The attitudes and behavior of Ramrod Stockwell cause the problem. Although he is competent, he causesconflict within his own function and other functions. In his own function he fails to delegate authorityand keeps the reins of power in his own hands. He has a centralized management style and does not shareinformation, which makes it impossible for subordinates to provide salespeople with the information theyneed. He does not follow the chain of command; he goes to people only when he needs them. Violatinglines of authority reduces the authority of his managers and also leaves them uninformed.His attitudes affect relationships with other functions, especially sales, because he also does not allowsubordinates to share any but routine information. Because of the centralization of autho rity in production, subordinates do not possess information. Only Rob Bronson, the vice president of sales, canget information from Ramrod, and he is too busy to do so (and too proud since he would have to admit 232 dependency on Ramrod). Stockwell says something can be done but fails to provide an accurate timeframe, making planning difficult for sales and other departments—making them dependent on Ramrod.Ramrod is a â€Å"rough diamond† and has little social contact with other top managers at Benson Metals,which further isolates him. Managers have suggested sensitivity training to help him better communicateand delegate.The conclusion is that Ramrod is the problem—his attitudes and values. What is the solution? FireRamrod? After the pros and cons have been considered (the firm would lose his valuable skills andexpertise), the instructor can turn the discussion to the issue of the company power structure; studentsrarely raise this issue. 4.In the past, which function has had the most power in Benson Metals? How has the power relationship between production and sales been changing recently? Traditionally, sales has enjoyed most of the power: †¢Ã‚  President Tom Hollis worked with Fred Benson and was the sales director. †¢Ã‚  Most of the â€Å"assistant to† managers groomed for promotion come from sales. †¢Ã‚  Sales gets the credit for good work while production is blamed in the bad years. †¢Ã‚  Sales can slip orders into the production process, although, as in the Continental Can case,this causes significant problems that will increase as the sophistication of the metalsincreases. †¢Ã‚  Production managers play second fiddle to salespeople: They have inferior facilities andlimited access to resources and to top managers.The traditional power of sales reflects the fact that in the past, the main contingency facing Benson wasto sell its products in a competitive market against four or five other companies who compete for thesame customers. In this environment, developing customer relationships and servicing customers is veryimportant. Recently the environment has changed and production has become more important—only production can produce the kinds of steels customers want. In the new competitive environment: †¢Ã‚  Production controls the main contingencies. †¢Ã‚  Production has become central and nonsubstitutable. †¢Ã‚  Production reduces the uncertainty facing sales, not vice versa. Even though the power of production is increasing, Benson’s internal power structure does not reflectthis change. Rob Bronson, the sales manager realizes the change but deliberately avoids a change in thestatus of sales, and the result is conflict.The message is that maybe Ramrod is not the problem; it is Benson’s unchanged internal power structurein a changed environment. Ramrod’s attitudes and behaviors seem logical once it is understood that hewants to increase his function’s power and status in the organization: †¢Ã‚  He doesn’t delegate authority and share information to increase his power over sales. †¢Ã‚  Information is a power resource, and by hoarding information he can increase the uncertaintyof other departments and their dependence on him. †¢Ã‚  He agrees to all requests but gives no feedback. This increases his power and makes himnonsubstitutable.Ramrod, consciously or unconsciously, is withholding information to increase the dependence of otherson him and to change the balance of power in his favor. A strong CEO would understand this and might 233 publicly recognize the importance of production and correct the imbalance. The chairman and his son areweak and the president is from sales, so nothing is being done. The level of conflict is escalating as salesfights back. 5.Suggest some ways to try to solve the problems the company is experiencing. What would be a good strategy for change? There are several ways of increasing the power of production vis-à  -vis sales. †¢Ã‚  Like Continental Can, Benson should create a production control department to buffer salesand production and reduce or eliminate sales’ ability to slip new customer orders into the production process. All requests should flow through production control, which transmitsthem to production. This reduces sales’ traditional power over production and helps promotea power balance. †¢Ã‚  The support of top management is vital for a change in attitudes, and top management needsto recognize the increased status of production publicly. †¢Ã‚  To increase the status of production, top management can improve manufacturing facilitiesand give Ramrod a bigger office and staff, a more central location, and greater access to topmanagement. †¢Ã‚  Create a task force to examine how environmental changes affect working relationships andto increase perceptions of the importance and status of production. †¢Ã‚  Send Stockwell to a management training course to improve his skills at delegation.

Discuss the Claim Made by Some Sociologists That in Modern Societies Religion Is Losing Its Social Significance Essay

Secularisation is the process of the decline of religious beliefs. Secularization can be measured in two ways. Firstly, there is the institutional approach that deals with church attendance and the societal approach which deals with the decline of people’s beliefs. Of course which method one chooses depends on how you define religion. Some sociologists such as Comte, Durkheim and Weber as well as others all believe that religion is indeed losing its social significance in modern societies. They believe that with industrialization, people would turn to rationalization. However, there are others that don’t agree that religion is losing its significance. Firstly Comte believes that society would go through three (3) stages. The first stage is the metaphysical stage where everything is controlled by abstract forces, the second stage is known as the theological stage in which philosophy would explain society and the final stage, the positive stage is where science dominates the society. As such, he didn’t see the existence of religion at all in society. In addition, Durkheim believes that with industrialization and the introduction of science and technology, religion would lose its social significance. People would be more concerned with the material aspects of the world such as ‘partying’ and going to ‘fetes’. In addition, with the demands of a hectic life, people would not see the need to. On the other hand, Weber believed that with industrialization, people would turn to rationalization. That is, they would turn to science and as such religious beliefs and practices would decline. An example of this is where people opt to go to the doctor rather than have a ‘bush bath’. Shiner also believed that there would be a decline in religious thought and action in the society. Also people would start to question the scriptures and religious techniques. In addition, Wilson used statistics to prove that religion is indeed losing its social significance. Finally, Marx foresaw the decline of religion when the economic structure of the society had changed. On the other hand, there are sociologists that believe that religion will not lose its significance. Martin criticized Wilson’s view on religion by using statistics. He believed that this was not an appropriate way to measure secularization since it says nothing about people’s beliefs. In addition, Marti n believed that secularization is a myth and does not exist. Glasner also believed it is a myth and that it cannot be measured. Jose Casanova, although he believed in the concept of secularization does not fully believe that religion will lose its social significance in society but that people would turn to rationalization. Steve Bruce also noted that secularization is an illusion and it cannot be measured accurately. However, in today’s society religion does play a significant role in the lives of the people. Many persons try to go to church and take part in their religion. However, there are others who do not go to church. May people are caught up with their hectic life and do not have time to go to church. There has also been a decline in religious thought and action due to science. Despite this, a number of measures could be put in place to help people see how important religion is. Parents, community leaders as well as the religious leaders must play their part and set better examples. In addition, youths should be given more respo nsibilities in the church and as such they won’t feel alienated. Hence we must do whatever we could to ensure that religion continues to play a vital role in our society.

Analysis Of A Midsummer Night s Dream - 1887 Words

Gabriel Yeung Mr. Ross ENG1DE-A January 17th 2014 Humor. Humor is a quality of an action that causes amusement and entertainment. A Midsummer Night’s Dream, written by William Shakespeare is a play best known in the Shakespearian world for being a comedy play. This play has entertained countless audiences over a span of many centuries. A Midsummer Night’s Dream is about two pairs of lovers that escape to the forest in order to make love for one another. While doing so, fairies in the forest create chaos which causes the lover to be confused in who they truly love. The misinterpretation on their identity relates to the major theme of the play which is love versus lust and reality versus illusions. The language the Shakespeare chose to use in the play to create an interesting plotline creates humor as well as entertaining the audience. Among the language use, the literary devices that are most prominent to make the play humorous are dramatic irony, enjambment, and imagery. These devices not only entertain and create humo r for the audience but also help develop a plotline in which many are interested in. Dramatic irony is one of the most evident devices used in the play. The term ‘dramatic irony’ is defined as an idea/ plot that the reader or audience knows off in a story or play but the character in the play do not. In A Midsummer Night’s Dream, the existence of fairies is a major dramatic irony. The fairies are the mystical creatures that inhibit and lurk around in theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of A Midsummer Night ´s Dream1001 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeare starts with a seemingly unresolvable conflict in A Midsummer Night’s Dream. The main characters are lovers who are either unrequited in their love or hassled by the love of another. These lovers are inevitably paired. How does Shakespeare make this happen? He creates many subplots that, before long, are all snarled up into a chaotic knot. 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However, is Gertrude had been having an affair she would most likely be seen as part of the murder plot. Claudius does not confide in her however leading us to believe she was not in fact an acomplice. This is further emphasised forRead MoreEssay on A Midsummer Nights Dream: Critical Analysis3103 Words   |  13 PagesMandy Conway Mrs. Guynes English 12 16 March 2000 A Critical Analysis of quot;A Midsummer Nights Dreamquot; William Shakespeare, born in 1594, is one of the greatest writers in literature. He dies in 1616 after completing many sonnets and plays. One of which is quot;A Midsummer Nights Dream.quot; They say that this play is the most purely romantic of Shakespeares comedies. The themes of the play are dreams and reality, love and magic. This extraordinary play is a play-with-in-a-play, which

The Impact Of Information Technology On Society And Legal...

In this essay I will briefly talk about the experience I got while learning Information Technology Professional and Society. I had great experience with my tutor Dr. Kyeong kang and tutorial members and best with my group members. I was an amazing life time experience of eight weeks and I tried my best to travel smoothly on this track. As I enrolled in ITPS subject I have learnt and grown from this subjects that I thought possible. As stated in the class the goal of learning this subject is to expose the legal responsibility and professional behavior by studying different case studies and present IT related articles which represent ethical, social and/or legal issues, situation and dilemmas. In doing this, tutorials and lectures provided framework of ethical thinking. This essay will reflect on how exploration of this subject framework has helped my insight into the practical application of ethic knowledge. As discussed in first lecture I learnt how information technology rise, code of ethics and code of conduct, effects of Information Technology on society and legal requisites by attending lectures and tutorials. Throughout the semester I got great tutor who has doctorate this subject, she clearly explain course and identify suitable problems till the end of semester. She understood us and helps us to achieve what we are here for. I worked with in group which consists of six members and all contributed a lot for group progress. Online discussion board created collaborativeShow MoreRelatedPrivacy and Computer Technology1813 Words   |  7 PagesPrivacy and Computer Technology Today, the development of technology is spread all over the world and so are ethical issues. Because of the widespread, computer ethics are boiling down distinguishing what is good from what is wrong mentality. 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A Caribbean Legacy Essay - 1182 Words

A Caribbean Legacy The notions of slavery, colonialism, and race are indelible aspects of Caribbean history. In order to fathom the current political, social, economic, and cultural climate of the Caribbean one must engage in a critical study and understanding of the impact slavery has had in modern day Caribbean societies. The modes and intricacies of modern day Caribbean societies are intimately related to the plantation systems of the colonial period, which welcomed the arrival of the largest migration in history. Author Michelle Cliff, in her essay If I Could Write This With Fire, attempts to make sense of the current deplorable social conditions of racial inequality in her native land of Jamaica. It is within this context of†¦show more content†¦Moreover, this hierarchy of shade suggests that whiteness is equated with prestige, power, and wealth while blackness is equated with a lack of culture, a lack of identity, and essentially a lack of autonomy. 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Digital Prosperity Understanding the Economic Benefits

Question: Discuss about the Digital Prosperityfor Understanding the Economic Benefits Answer: Introduction Technology industries are characterized by their sophisticated computing control and massive data storage space capacity, enhancing the production of information by combining diverse views of the entity, adding to its competitive advantage increase. Because of the need to transform the economy into figures, accounting has been the key tool in the process and has been applied more efficiently in this process and is issuing appropriate and explicit information for all interested parties. More so the expansion of technology and increased usage of the internet have enhanced new and fast solutions to accountancy and more so cloud accounting solutions. However, internet shared projects, blogs, content sites, social networking sites, online game sites, and online social networks pose accounting challenges in accounting. Challenges of Accounting in Global Organizations The main challenges to the technology industry accounting are business process management, mobile tools, technology of cloud computing, business intelligence, and the enterprise architecture aspect and its application integration. Cloud computing emerged not long ago as one of the major technologies for entities to adopt. It accommodates a wide collection of technologies that are simply looked at as the services facilitated by internet and technology, software and hardware, that maintain them. Like accounting currently, focuses on the current issues to present managers and industry leaders the opportunity to scrutinize and optimize business processes. According to the study conducted by (Atkinson, R, and McKay, A. 2007), the accounting progress has transformed to the era of intelligence and cloud accounting, which involves the current element of technology in business activities which offer the capability to deliver real-time monitoring of business processes. Both platforms share con cepts such as business process, business transactions, and proceedings but with diverse views, while accounting aims at identification, measurement, and communication of economic data to management. In the study of (Bhimani, A. 2008), they found out that given the resources that entities apportion to implementation and maintenance of social media for the entity, management will demand proof of return on investment. However, the (Cinquini, L. and Tucci, A. 2007) showed that cloud computing had dominated most business areas, only that the accounting managers are doubtful about this latest phenomenon. While the study by (Burns, J., Ezzamel, M., and Scapens, R., 2009) concluded that some accountants consider online based accounting as the threat to business returns. Analysis of social media premeditated results is significant since social media platforms facilitate in shaping new products new inventions, develop consumer service, sales, and marketing initiatives. In the study of (Cinquini, L. and Tucci, A. 2007), the researchers concluded that, economically coherent managers will refer to the saying you can't manage what you can't measure' to their company's use of social media. However, the upcoming of the media comparative to conventional methods of communication has enhanced exploratory examination on public media assessment to subject whether conventional financial reports presentation metrics, such as stakeholder understanding, recall, and acquisition, can realistically measure public media premeditated outcomes Creating value is another major challenge in accounting for technology industries. The research conducted by (Burns, J. and Yazdifar, H., 2011) concluded that technology industries should aim at providing platforms for improving service delivery in departments to the company and the entity's departmental requirements. This has been hindered by the emergence of social media, which is thought to be taking a lot of time of the workers that could have been productive. In particular, accountants are interested in these aspects that not accurately captured in financial reports. Big Data Analytics is another challenge to accounting for technology firms. The challenges of big data analytics are; undertaking the required training to develop the necessary skills for initiating and enhancing data analysis activities and changing the current model of auditing to include the necessary auditing requirements. There is amorphous data varying in design, such as basic text, electronic emails, blogs, formatted articles, network explore logs, etc. such data need new techniques to capture, store and analyze data. The huge amounts and expansion of amorphous data swiftly defeat conventional solutions and requires new ways of handling. This kind of data is collected from new areas. Customary data administration processes are unable to cope with the inconsistent character of big data. New approaches put forward techniques to handle the diversity. The study conducted by (Cinquini, L. and Tucci, A. 2007) found out that, to produce higher profits, use of data analytics is a necessary element which enhances a competitive advantage for the entity. The organizations that do not consider data analytics fail in profitability in the long run since in data analytics is the only aspect where change easily occurs. The real value of data analytics is in transactional aspects and the management role. A big number of accounting companies have adopted a paperless company plan and started putting in place the required expertise and advanced solutions to realize this company purpose. Accepting a paperless policy brings more benefits to the firm too. Digitized records make possible for firms to use up-and-coming technology trends in particular mobile technology and cloud computing. New technology and advancements is another challenge in accounting for technology firms, Technology grows swiftly and emerges on media and in other areas. It implies that stakeholders at all levels require technology firms to enhance the implementation of this innovative technology. Accountants require the advanced software to handle the financial data too. However, this new and advanced software are not readily available. On the other hand, technology is currently changing at a high rate. Accountants should assess the economic significance every technology brings to establish if it is profitable to the company and when. In some instances, latest technology e.g. cloud, virtual computing, and mobile computing happen to be tools for practiced accounting managers who recognize their company's priorities. Given that each the institution differs, the technology value of new technology varies with the strategic objectives of each. Enterprise architecture is another challenge for technology industry accounting; it is one of the fundamental aspects that organizations should embody in their components, their associations to one another, including the environment and ideologies embracing its design and development. Accounting information systems must not work individually, however sufficiently incorporated with more information applications for them to become more successful. The study oc (Cinquini, L. and Tucci, A. 2007) concluded that technology companies should consider contemporary approaches when preparing and reporting financial data. The superior challenge with the approach is that it would take more time to accomplish with reporting activities. Successful establishment of an accounting information system relies on technology enhancement, though other scopes must be examined, like stakeholder dimensions, profit motive dimension, and the organizational magnitude Virtualization has shifted and expanded applications from personal computers to servers, to routers, and to firewalls. The virtualization concept provides an advanced level in control such applications than saving organization's resources. This means that the company's infrastructure should have superior servers, in addition to the current expenditure on personal computers. Virtual information centers involve most similar management roles that should be done in the objective server setting. The jobs have to be comprehensive to the cloud environment as well as incorporated into accessible processes. The other aspect is in compliance, audit, and implementation, including daily system administration in dealing with virtualized systems. Virtualization brings unique challenges which are difficult to address with conventional, not- technological particular solutions. Managing an increasing and complex web-based infrastructure, the available present infrastructure and relying on technology sets a weighty demand on staff resources restricted and specific. In addition to these complexities, technology companies still must deliver on the virtualization undertaking of condensed expenses and improved competence. Not to talk on the subject of getting the packed profit of virtualization investment made. Conclusively virtualization technology currently is a pillar to the continuing achievement and the efficient application of information technology advancements. It is imperative that Virtualization enhances extra vibrant data hub while improving virtualized cloud technology to be applied for further industry benefit. Many entities are effectively virtualizing and consolidating as activities go on growing steadfastly, most companies determine how to inspire stakeholder buoyancy and reduce threat even more in their activities and the software mass. The research of (Axelsson, B., Van Weele, A. and Wynstra, F., 2011) concluded that when virtualization technology is enhanced, the processes and decisions to keep an online system on track. Such solutions encompass the growth in the visibility of the application pile and sustaining infrastructure. Visibility should be manipulative, which is to say that you should clearly observe constituent resources and their associations in the virtual atmosphere. Information communications disruptive inventions Currently, that may enable the execution of real-time financial statement preparation, like company process administration, promoting real-time managing of enterprise processes that transmit pertinent financial or non-financial data from company activities to the stakeholders through mobile computing technology, allowing interested parties to instantly obtain the information published at any time and in any place; mobile computing, encouraging the immediate distribution of information amongst all stakeholders internally and externally need it to make well-versed decisions. The research conducted by (Bessant, J., Kaplinsky, R., and Lamming, R. 2012.) showed that trade intelligence, encouraging the production and delivering of extra focused and appropriate information of industry operations to policy makers enabling long-term forecast of the company goals and the administration and optimization of everyday business activities and project planning and project purpose integration, structuring and including diverse systems and the consequent data at hand in the company to allow real-time accounting statement production with extra significance to users. In the research conducted by William J, Kramer, Beth Jenkins and Roberts S. Katz, (2007) it indicated that the developments in ICT sector have been the pioneer and catalyst in addressing the accounting requirements for most organizations. This concurred with the study of (Arnold, N., 2013) which indicated that, technological innovation has accelerated the growth in accounting through software innovations, content development and mobile applications. This is considered a crucial factor in accounting and management effectiveness. However the challenge posed by the researchers is that of productivity when the relevant applications are used considering network applications by different users that share costs. There are diverse universe players involved in the use and application of networks. As a result it is crucial to involve key business strategies to improve productivity. Offer connectivity efficiently; enhance growth of accounting information and the accounting base. This is signifi cant in increasing the accountants opportunities in the sector. The study carried out by Dixon, R. 1998. Accounting for Strategic Management: a practical application. Long-range Planning, 31(2), 272-279 concluded that ICT development will continue to grow, and the most of the households will not shy away from spending on ICT. This means the costs of accessing streams of data will continue to fall in the future. Therefore the low income earners will take advantage of the expansion and growth in information communication technology to increase their incomes. This will facilitate the entry of entrepreneurs in the macro economy. This will in return lead to the demand of new hardware and make it expensive for accountants to manage. This will especially become true due to the emergency of new markets that are key elements in driving innovation. Conclusion These papers a comparison of global challenges of accounting for global technology industries and. It looks into multiple perspectives and complexities, in accounting. The paper presents modern and technical issues presently apprehensive with accounting for global technology for global firms. The article addresses the cloud accounting model from a business-oriented perspective but does not intend to establish economic impacts that are put forward by the approaching shift. The evolution of cloud technology is the beginning. It may grow to be an essential element for reshaping the veracity and understanding globalization as we identify it. When accountants give technology an opportunity to establish its value, the accounting career could in the end act as a global identical entity and transform businesses to efficiency levels. Innovations are key elements in developing the potential of technology organizations globally. However they pose a big challenge to accountants in developing software to accommodate the rapid advancement and growth in ICT, making it difficult for accountants to develop content regarding frameworks and policies too. Therefore it is important to develop inclusive models in the sector too to allow for product extension adapting and segmentation. This will be facilitated by the financial sector and the ICT sectors that need to collaborate in regard to the new developments. This will in turn expand the economic opportunities of a number of countries. References Atkinson, R, and McKay, A. 2007. Digital Prosperity: Understanding the economic benefits of the IT revolution (Washington DC: ITI Foundation) Bhimani, A. 2008. Strategic Finance. London, UK: Strategy Press. Bhimani, A. and Langfield-Smith, K. 2007. Formality the importance of financial and non-financial information in strategy development and implementation Management Accounting Research. 18(1), 3-31 Cinquini, L. and Tucci, A. 2007. Adoption of Strategic Management Accounting techniques strategy-driven"? Evidence from a survey. MAR 2007- Cost and Performance in Services and Operations, Trento (Italy) June 18-20 2007 Inventory Driven Costs, Harvard Business Review March, pp. 271-282 Child, J. 2005. Cooperative Strategy (Oxford University Press) Byrne, S.M., and Pierce, B. Forthcoming. Comprehensive Understanding of Roles of Management Accountants. Accounting Review, forthcoming Cousins, P.D. Supplier Base Rationalization: Myths or Reality? European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 5, 143-155 Burns, J., Ezzamel, M., and Scapens, R.,2009, The Challenge of Management Accounting Change: Behavioural and Cultural Aspects of Change Management. Oxford: Elsevier/CIMA. Burns, J. and Yazdifar, H., 2011, Tricks, or treats? The Role of Management Accounting is Changing, Financial Management (March), 33-35 Axelsson, B., Van Weele, A. and Wynstra, F., 2011. Driving and enabling factors for purchasing involvement in product development. European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 6, 129-141 Bessant, J., Kaplinsky, R., and Lamming, R. 2012. International Journal of Operations and Production Management 23 (2), 167-184 Arnold, N., 2013. The new approach of Outsourcing: A Combination of Transaction Cost Economics and the Core Competencies Concept. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 6, 23 Dixon,R. 2012. Accounting for Strategic Management: a practical application. Long-range Planning, 31(2), 272-279